The Montessori Method is an educational approach developed by Dr. Maria Montessori and is practised in schools worldwide serving children from birth to 18 years of age. It is an educational approach based on the child's education being guided by his inner needs and interests.
She saw different characteristics, learning modes and developmental imperatives active in each of these planes, and called for a prepared environment for the child specific to each period. The method caters to the differing needs of different age groups, birth-3, 3-6, 6-12 and 12-18. "Help me help myself” is the basis of Montessori education.
The approach has three unique aspects:
The classroom is designed to facilitate maximum independent learning. It is a place of beauty with child sized furnishings carefully structured and ordered by the adult to enhance the child's freedom. The child works and interacts with children of mixed ages. The atmosphere is one of helpfulness and cooperation. It is a calm, orderly space constructed to meet a child's needs.
The materials used are scientifically designed to aid development in a holistic manner. They engage the child in purposeful activity. They are arranged invitingly and within easy reach of the child. The materials stimulate independent exploration. They are self-correcting and increase in complexity as the child masters each process. The activities build intelligence, independence and analytical thinking. They give the child a sense of accomplishment.
The adult observer is a child advocate and guardian. She prepares the environment and materials, and connects the child with them. Since Montessori education is based on the inner motivation of the child, it is the teacher's role to work with this motivation in ways that will enhance the child's development. This is called "following the child". The teacher never unnecessarily interferes or corrects. Montessori adults often stand back while the child is working to allow the child the satisfaction of his own discovery.
